Which tax form would an employee at a foreign affiliate of a U.S. company need if they are seeking social security coverage?

The correct tax form for an employee at a foreign affiliate of a U.S. company seeking social security coverage is the 2032 form. This form, known as the "Agreement Between the United States and [Country]," is used to establish coverage under the U.S. Social Security system for employees who work outside the U.S. but are still associated with a U.S. employer. In situations where an employee is stationed abroad, having this form completed ensures that they can continue to participate in social security benefits even while working internationally, as it can help define the relationship between the employee's work and the entitlement to U.S. social security.

Other forms mentioned do not serve this particular purpose. The 2159 form is typically related to coverage determinations under the Totalization Agreements, and the 1099-R is used to report distributions from retirement plans, not relevant for this context. The 4070 is used for reporting tip income and would not apply to seeking social security coverage. Each of these forms has its specific uses, which makes the 2032 the appropriate choice in this scenario.