Which principle includes the theme of mutual trust between managers and employees?

The principle that encompasses the theme of mutual trust between managers and employees is participative management. This management style emphasizes the involvement of employees in the decision-making process, fostering collaboration and open communication between all levels of staff. In a participative environment, managers and employees work together towards common goals, which helps build a foundation of trust.

This trust is critical as it encourages employees to share their thoughts, provide feedback, and take part in problem-solving, leading to improved morale and job satisfaction. When employees feel valued and included in the decision-making processes, they are more likely to be engaged, motivated, and committed to the organization's success.

In contrast, task-oriented management focuses primarily on the completion of specific tasks and objectives, often at the expense of interpersonal relationships. Autocratic management relies on a top-down approach with little input from employees, creating a dynamic where trust is diminished as decisions are made solely by management. Directive management, similar to autocratic management, emphasizes giving clear instructions without seeking feedback or collaboration from employees, which can further inhibit the development of mutual trust.