A manager who takes a negative view of his or her employees is best categorized as which management theory?

A manager who takes a negative view of employees aligns with Theory X, which posits that such managers believe that people inherently dislike work and will avoid it if possible. This theory suggests that employees require close supervision and control, as they are perceived to be unmotivated, require direction, and lack ambition.

In this context, the philosophy behind Theory X leads to a more authoritarian management style, where managers feel the need to enforce rules and oversight to ensure tasks are completed. This view contrasts sharply with Theory Y, which assumes employees are capable of self-direction and find work fulfilling when they are engaged in their roles. The other theories mentioned, Theory W and Theory Z, incorporate different aspects of employee engagement and workplace culture, but do not reflect the negative view of employees that is characteristic of Theory X.

Thus, recognizing that Theory X attributes negative feelings toward employee motivation clarifies why this selection is correct.